老秘网_材夜思范文

标题: 跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第1章 2013年12月13日 [打印本页]

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作者: 老猫    时间: 2013-12-13 18:37
标题: 跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第1章 2013年12月13日

     今日下午3：30贾陆英老师《论语》问答录在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”准时开讲。本期学习讨论《论语》为政篇第1章，网友们的参与热情高涨。老猫出差刚回，现整理如下：

$ F: G/ S/ m# d1 ]' C: M4 J9 G8 m& Mmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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) u2 W" u+ a! w3 o7 L1 l6 p mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第' v5 H3 a8 q5 b+ Z5 F mso-font-kerning:0pt">1, j8 Q, R7 U# A K7 afont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">章：2 [( Y' u' C C2 Y6 w9 mmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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' b" x# s5 B, X: ]! O+ e: V2 O$ g Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
& E; t2 g& @1 S F6 M2•1% a3 C; a1 \! h% y( x8 g! P* HTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; + O2 G: _2 F! |6 n k- P* Emso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰：8 Q5 ^1 Y) [5 }! S( \4 }3 o! z6 Ymso-font-kerning:0pt">"/ b: m2 B4 j2 N# H7 X mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星共之。3 r' ~% b7 N/ ucolor:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">"
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2 U$ h7 ^. }4 d) umso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: & O% n6 y' d* H+ s( QTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">北辰：指北极星。所：处所、位置。共：同拱，环绕。比喻众多的人簇拥着一个被他们尊敬的人，或许多东西围绕着一个中心。! f( M- E' h _8 H+ E, n8 lmso-font-kerning:0pt">
6 J, P2 c3 u5 p/ G6 t, K, m# i: H4 s/ ~( ]/ K9 Y E" v Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说：: Y9 n/ @4 _7 R8 U$ I$ e10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 `; S4 W& [" a# v8 Y mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 5 I/ C% ]& j/ A. c' i2 imso-font-kerning:0pt">靠高尚的品德来施政，这样的为政者好比是北极星，居于自己的位置上，众多的星星都环绕着它。# d; T( m) S+ H' @9 a( | V6 d" E; C mso-font-kerning:0pt">”

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( q) I0 ^* p. {( |) ]' m! }1 S; S mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; ) j. D+ H8 y/ a8 y, c$ _3 r* [mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：这句话表达了孔子的什么主张？% t7 `1 f T+ e% P8 K( k' z4 ecolor:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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% [4 b x( c: |( {' ]: \' O mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 6 j- J! x$ L" A. i) g- y( JTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：孔子以北辰居其中而众星环绕作比喻，深刻揭示了具有高尚品德对于为政者的重要性，具体、形象、生动地表达了孔子的德治思想。当时，在如何治理国家的问题上，主要有两种主张：其一是依靠政令刑法，强制百姓服从；其二是通过道德教化，引导百姓走上正道。孔子主张后者，强调为政者首先要以自己高尚的品德为榜样，尔后才能教化、影响、引导民众。. a* R9 g3 M F mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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9 ?3 v3 r) a; `/ ?4 R/ }; g- nmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: # p8 B, O4 E$ Q* ZTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾老师，学生认为：政令刑罚、道德教化二者不可偏其一，无道德教化，民暴而戾，无政令刑罚，民散而慢。总而言之，应用儒家思想来做人，用发家思想来做事，这也符合我们的辩证法思想。儒法相结合不是从以往执政者所言的外儒内法。应该是在去除封建统治者为维护统治所宣扬的糟粕基础上，留下儒家所宣扬的大仁、大爱的思想，在结合现代化的法制、民主的精神，才是真正的儒法结合。一味从古，不如不学# f9 G" [- m- t3 T mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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) s) i$ N, W# _ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: - H( P% Y8 `/ A# VTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">现在不是都在强调以民为本，为人民服务么7 j7 k( T$ @: X mso-font-kerning:0pt">——, `! S( \/ o( Q# b' _) g font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这一思想的文化渊源，就是德治、仁政思想。德是孔子所说的君子之道吗？% r6 e) B& ]3 H* x3 N( [* n7 ]mso-font-kerning:0pt">——0 F! J; V7 I5 i2 x& ifont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; , Y# c k+ X* q9 amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的。为政者之德，还要突出以身作则，正人先正己，为下属作出表率。 u! j3 \1 h. H. Y, p$ _0pt"> / s/ \2 H2 F, G, Z9 ^6 }. | Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; , Y, ^$ H' _$ G( U9 N$ Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">“贾老师，学生认为：政令刑罚、道德教化二者不可偏其一，无道德教化，民暴而戾，无政令刑罚，民散而慢。总而言之，应用儒家思想来做人，用发家思想来做事，这也符合我们的辩证法思想”3 N7 J8 j1 V1 v. y* x* Mmso-font-kerning:0pt">——$ E% A6 u+ M1 [$ p) c6 u8 Q# efont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 3 X: I4 S6 l; J% M; |3 F/ Ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">基本赞同。孔子所说* j; _1 L# K3 p* Z# P" }mso-font-kerning:0pt">"% @* B1 {" u9 A; B4 L e* X font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; . }3 l% U, T7 w4 \mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻；道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格。4 l+ U" Z. N9 V/ K% e! j2 ~ ymso-font-kerning:0pt">", B& ]9 ?% c2 O0 Q( l( o: Gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 3 \2 Z. T) c* m0 C+ Q( Wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">本身就包含着德治与法治相结合的观点。3 E9 v1 [. F ~4 Smso-font-kerning:0pt">

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, d7 i/ g2 G% [9 \mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">以礼仪道德，民治而心服; [% ?. q0 ~, h2 T8 X8 c9 T7 r0pt">    9 G6 ~, Y: C! V" ]6 Z1 ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; " d1 S1 ^& v6 O1 ^* M* U/ Xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">人性本善- P0 [/ d' V3 E3 Wmso-font-kerning:0pt">     ) T) m2 F2 O$ F8 E- {- smso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 1 g) U6 s9 C: g& T! O7 {mso-font-kerning:0pt">以政令刑法，民治而心不服/ q# U4 p3 e+ R: Q 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> + C: a1 _% A/ S: Q mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; , W v- A1 b* y0 P) C/ g3 _7 G" X) mmso-font-kerning:0pt">人性本恶。人性本善，礼仪道德，天下大和。人性本恶，礼仪道德，与虎谋皮啊- p0 e; T' K$ I6 F6 e: Y9 u5 ^mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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/ c5 h, t* ?7 D" m6 v. Hmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">儒学是以伦理道德思想为特质的观念体系，这是它区别于世界上其他文明的显著特征之一。儒学是以礼乐文明为中心的文化系统，这是它区别于世界上其他文明的又一显著特征。现在确有一些人认为，道德修养方面的问题是4 e& [8 k% E1 s* W% N# I G w% Q. P! N mso-font-kerning:0pt">“" L0 C* k% l0 ^: h L1 n font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; * w5 b. o3 A9 {% D; x6 [mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">细节问题- g8 i, e6 R( i8 g* ~ mso-font-kerning:0pt">”& o+ m6 j/ q7 z font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; * e; m$ Z( E+ m# Mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，没有必要小题大做。这种认识是十分错误和有害的。! m' m; n9 H5 q- h8 X mso-font-kerning:0pt">“" D5 \2 r( j4 _$ y font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 9 T/ S2 ^" L/ Mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">千里之堤，溃于蚁穴$ |2 g6 i/ Q; F4 }9 K, g mso-font-kerning:0pt">”7 J: p5 P2 g S+ ?+ M( S font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，少数人走上违法犯罪道路，往往是从道德品质上出问题开始的。没有职业操守，就不可能做到爱岗敬业。我们培养敬业精神，一定要紧紧抓住加强道德修养这个重点。

 

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# |; O( s0 B z% s( Fmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">搞文字出身的，可以说是最正统的夫子门徒，他的思想和做法，包括杀少正卯的儒法兼施做法，我都是十分赞同的，也希望社会今后采取这种治理模式。不过，谁会用？外来的和尚会念经啊。我们是秘书啊。这几天常看到一句话，一看到我就怄气想吐血，这句话叫做：身在兵位，胸为帅谋！兄弟，我是秘书，年纪比领导小，资历比领导浅，阅历没有领导丰富，情况没有领导掌握的多，上头的意图不知道，业务活动不能参加，我能够为领导谋到领导如意，哥哥，那在这种情况下我搞出来的东西能够让领导满意，那我不是神童就是领导肚子里的蛔虫了！我真有这本事，我还来伺候你这个本事不如我的，我下海去了！我赞成夫子的：道不行! s! K0 Q1 v; H& w5 G) d- Bmso-font-kerning:0pt"> 6 A. V5 p8 Q6 R( N font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ' ], q9 i+ f' h, amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乘槎浮于海；孟子的：穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。我不信运动式的说教能够让既得利益者提高自身的修养。; b( c( }1 G" X$ y' vmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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/ J$ {) s; e# Z# B mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: " C" o& ]7 C1 k3 DTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子的继承人荀子，明确提出了0 C+ ^# F+ r; ?6 U7 W4 J0 i 0pt">“" {3 |8 T- z( {9 iTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 2 I; e, V+ j4 {- qmso-font-kerning:0pt">隆礼重法. W5 _- }( w9 y- L+ J10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”9 E) M2 ?- f; B& O# Z8 y; ymso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">的主张，为我们今天坚持依法治国与以德治国相结合，提供了重要的历史借鉴。青年时期是形成良好思想道德品质的关键时期。尤其是在改革开放和发展社会主义市场经济的条件下，在世界范围各种思想文化交流、交融、交锋更加频繁的情况下，处在人生起步阶段的青年，更要注重培养优良品德，解决好立身做人的问题，为报效祖国、服务人民、奉献社会奠定坚实的思想道德基础。0 O8 ?8 [! Z% q8 \ t mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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7 r5 q: [8 `2 U# M4 b) z0 M3 q: E Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">第一个方面，要处理好自己与他人、个人与社会的关系。- v$ `6 v6 w1 ~% y0pt">
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4 @$ T3 |- b# p/ ~mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: - @1 e4 o6 K6 ?& Q( X8 V# fTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">那贾老，您觉得我们该不该清算呢？) _1 f" V9 E: W- d* Smso-font-kerning:0pt">

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$ ]1 r% F8 T; h/ D+ A) V/ imso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 0 t& w: n1 h2 l2 P' ^. CTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾老师所言极是，这是最低标准，最高标准的问题！! l% \1 M4 u; B0 X9 h( A6 K k mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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4 B, x1 \- m0 Y' w mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ' t% I5 x5 ]; w2 }- L4 E. ~6 W- Y7 z5 D7 iTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">失德，我觉得是没有信仰，或者伪信仰。没有信仰，也没有敬畏之心，就没有底线- j( u* r) D6 O, c2 ]mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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2 s& X2 ^9 v; X6 o) S mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ( y' \4 j/ @1 c ITahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">新手： F* ?. x+ v) s* m2 [1 A7 h 0pt">

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5 \8 I, E! V8 m \ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 2 J, D8 _ N/ W/ iTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">三会一课，近十几年运动式的人人过关，党员教育做了很多工作啊！

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1 s, A9 y- n% N8 G; N' Jmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英：9 J4 C* I6 k5 \# s( R- t4 [0pt">

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; p; }% ~$ O2 l0 T( O4 b1 X mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">身在兵位，胸为帅谋！兄弟，我是秘书，年纪比领导小，资历比领导浅，阅历没有领导丰富，情况没有领导掌握的多，上头的意图不知道，业务活动不能参加，我能够为领导谋到领导如意，哥哥，那在这种情况下我搞出来的东西能够让领导满意，那我不是神童就是领导肚子里的蛔虫了！我真有这本事，我还来伺候你这个本事不如我的，我下海去了！) R! k& W. ]! A mso-font-kerning:0pt">——& y( F; _ {& _! X. Tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这话只说对一小部分。在中国历史上，法治和德治如同车之两轮、鸟之双翼，对调整社会关系、维护社会秩序发挥着重要作用，是治理国家的两种根本手段。在9 d) j4 O+ G0 H" {3 j" }; V p$ _ mso-font-kerning:0pt">“) H5 ^. ~! e8 j' U! @5 Z9 P5 g3 wfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; % F; p. [8 R+ ?" I3 Xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">礼/ k9 \1 S0 S) q; Z1 x! x1 v0 Bmso-font-kerning:0pt">”" ^6 {: C+ z$ L4 f9 f" H font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ( n/ z3 X2 |+ P0 umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">与; M7 P2 F3 z: k4 k4 Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">“ _3 @3 u2 H! U# c6 D i font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; V4 _6 V$ r9 t& q bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">法0 k- x. I. p/ K0 N! g0 C. q& x5 X+ Imso-font-kerning:0pt">”: n. v, U( S0 i- u font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">的关系上，荀子继承孔子的观点，认为礼是高于法的。他说：$ n7 [+ j" W0 F/ X; G+ R. W$ ]7 Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">“% ]0 i/ O- ]: I+ G/ t6 gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">礼者，法之大分，类之纲纪也- k7 Q$ ~8 Z t3 z& G mso-font-kerning:0pt">”(4 O: \. I" ^9 N5 U* T' Mfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《荀子$ \$ n. V6 h: k9 bmso-font-kerning:0pt">.* n' ~3 h: M- V' U- z font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 1 ]2 b+ j* D; _7 u; x8 fmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">劝学》* y6 D& x* @& ]1 Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">)" ` S3 R7 m$ Z font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; $ L3 D. C) L* _mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、, N% r9 o: Q6 H/ bmso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ C6 h0 i/ U- p5 N$ @- hfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 2 \# _. Q# D: A: q9 U amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">礼义生而制法度4 v: E4 g& u" g mso-font-kerning:0pt">”4 ]0 ~8 N$ t; ]. k7 gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 6 l/ y; L2 f0 p2 h( P6 x9 Xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《荀子, Z$ i! ~: z7 `: umso-font-kerning:0pt">.9 c9 L4 `. I" tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; $ I8 f8 A- J! p- C& H: \mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">性恶》）。而对于法的重要地位和作用的认识，荀子却突破孔子，吸收春秋以来法家思想的成果，用以改造、充实传统礼学，克服了儒家之礼与法家之法的对立，提出了2 J6 o2 @1 D# v! p& b( r, A1 f+ L8 H mso-font-kerning:0pt"> “! e$ E. `2 N7 c) u v2 vfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; ; @9 n7 I$ _3 k: M5 ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">治之经，礼与刑" Q9 M; Z- f5 h3 ^mso-font-kerning:0pt">”+ S' K4 k8 l+ |( B0 Tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 2 S6 ]! b9 f- J6 Y/ omso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《荀子, i& q: j* r7 xmso-font-kerning:0pt">•* R% q D" j0 D font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">成相》）的观点，主张治国应礼法并用。他提出的( q" U- }+ Y! W& W: V: s! x$ R8 J9 d mso-font-kerning:0pt">“) ]2 s, X/ S* d7 n' u; Jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">隆礼尊贤而王，重法爱民而霸9 G2 V9 `3 H& z( c6 F2 u& b mso-font-kerning:0pt">”8 d3 |6 L1 x$ n* X# o font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（6 c# \. w8 r3 N/ n9 \6 m" I- vmso-font-kerning:0pt"> ) {! H: p A5 m% s, }% U/ o/ N& Bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《荀子! i( F) }. ?; Y mso-font-kerning:0pt">•* z2 d* b- |( ]2 @7 i font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; & P+ a. ^: p! v* P/ u! 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/ U; Z% g! H. b9 o3 @6 b# T" rmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">中国的人治，占据历史地位的时间过于长了，我们肃反不反思7 t6 P5 B! S, Z' O* A# d mso-font-kerning:0pt">,/ X$ Z, c# n& P' o: [5 m |font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; # i, X; e) ~. `% `- J( ]mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">于是有整风，整风不反思: X. u8 ]- Q! x: W7 O mso-font-kerning:0pt">,0 |+ J" | S u& J, t" L font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">于是有反右，反右不反思* V9 r3 ]- [; D0 b. P1 W/ dmso-font-kerning:0pt">,3 W5 ~3 M) X h) ~ C7 X& l font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; & A" o/ L5 b9 ~0 x8 _, Q* O, dmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">于是有大跃进，大跃进不反思: @7 u' d( y0 tmso-font-kerning:0pt">,9 D% N3 w: S/ A+ @& G- Q font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">于是有文革。到现在，我们难道还不反思吗？出现这些问题是什么原因？真的需要我们的领导人好好考虑了$ u6 E. N4 K7 }: W c- T" |' y4 h mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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: V7 |: k# ~$ r) k4 z2 ? mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: $ i% N# Y7 t2 ~+ ETahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">新手：$ x) w/ q9 D) O! {2 t! K0 H 0pt">

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4 d" n: P* d9 R3 s. m' {/ ?mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">过去，天灾人祸，天子常常来个罪己诏的。4 i O+ c q; r mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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! P: Z( u3 z9 |$ u& cmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ) y7 d; X4 Z: m1 oTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">水隼：. `5 E: b) Q9 d! D0pt">

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: Z' `; w9 H! D/ f2 ymso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 3 p; J+ K, k4 E' o# tTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">个人观点：加强个人道德修养，把德治放在第一位。法治的执行，最终体现在人上。所谓执行力。根本性的东西，需要人去执行。现在我们的制度很多，但执行不敢恭维" P6 p R4 Y0 J+ Imso-font-kerning:0pt">

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$ `( J# }! w5 L( O8 O+ K$ z mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">古人认为，地震的产生是因为地气的郁结，民众有怨气被压制，所以沉郁底下，形成地震，当然，比较说法唯心，大家就当一笑而过。法治是根本，德治是补充8 Z0 F5 e! O! A2 ]3 C0 L2 r7 Lmso-font-kerning:0pt">——. ~. c9 [% @7 g1 \$ u font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不太赞同，德治是目的，教人向善才是政府的目的，而不能当成一种手段。儒家应该是更看重德的方面，法家才看重法的因素，说到荀子，我个人觉得他不是个纯粹意义上的儒家，精纯度不如孟子。孟子才是孔子的真正继承者，荀子的弟子多是法家代表，说不受他影响不太可能! d( V( w M, W: _. o+ ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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; d+ N6 q. }. {+ \. K mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: " _& S, Y! z& _. e4 y0 h6 RTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我本善良：* M+ p- F5 H8 ]+ _, u" t0pt">

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; f" M5 P0 R5 F2 k) M: s mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 8 O; \ U# [( ]: d# S7 OTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">世风日下，中国人多学习孔子的、孟子、荀子的思想对提升国人的素质是大有裨益的: s* e! T! O# Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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& t3 A( x9 P5 a# I6 r! y mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ( u' l0 ~3 w2 E' O5 u0 XTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">隆礼重法，相互补充; ~# L% h7 v& g0pt">

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' J! [( J, `* T4 O9 c7 ?# N( Ymso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: # P: t/ z4 T- ]7 ?$ Y R VTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">新手：! l U% \$ z. q/ F 0pt">

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- {$ Z* C; v b6 }0 @# d mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: |% q. `' w4 k, g9 [: bTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">再好的法，也要人来执行。过去有人批吕日周，现在有人说仇和的怪话，我倒觉得，千人之诺诺，不如一士之谔谔。: ~7 Z) \! {; P+ l$ Omso-font-kerning:0pt">

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$ z0 C B; Q0 q, O1 w+ j2 ~mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">当文字秘书，必须具备身在兵位，胸为帅谋的自觉性，这是其一。其二，必须具备较高的悟性，善于学习上级方针政策，善于领会领导意图，善于掌握基层实际情况。其三，要有较高的理论和文字功底。否则，还是改行的好。% x+ P. Z4 F+ P7 g* M/ G& |9 Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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7 ^5 n1 H& c3 Z$ S7 C% T mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">个人观点：现代社会的整体框架应以现代法治和民主为基础，德治伦理应作为法治不及处之补充，法乃与国家而言，德乃与个人而言。& Z; n9 ]6 Z( G6 V t5 [ mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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9 H5 `& U- T! N/ Q3 S: l2 ^ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: - y+ I4 r3 {4 c' I- ~Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">法制是必须的，维护统治者的利益，德治是教化，是辅助法制的，利于法治的推行。- [9 Q, v* p. e; `* A! Jmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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1 Q# S/ W& N' B& `mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: + g' r7 L- ?4 e- \Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">法治是根本，德治是补充, Q1 ?, d7 }" ?1 ]0pt">——( K9 t: ?; G1 ~; ?) [9 {Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">法治与德治，不是根本与补充的关系，两者都是根本性的治国手段。" ]8 @5 T* D5 [& { 0pt">

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! D/ H; n/ ~- o" [$ Smso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ) T& r" }/ a. p/ MTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">荀子按照知识结构而言当属杂家，按照主要贡献来说当属儒家！

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+ ?/ _6 Q/ @# |, y$ d, vmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 7 a7 v5 J9 H! @0 [* s: e" STahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">法乃与国家而言，德乃与个人而言。1 u4 P) n j7 ~3 y6 Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">——/ a; l' | l1 E0 \& E6 o' Ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; O% n1 U6 O, H& Cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这个观点也值得商榷。习总最近说：人无德不立，国无德不兴。德绝非仅仅是个人之事，而是关系一个国家治国方略的大事。古代中国被称为礼仪之邦，就突显了德治的治国方略。; z" M$ {& H9 D/ W4 n* Bmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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" u6 j2 l) `. q z2 B0 @9 Q mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: * g: ~4 E. O0 Q; d2 g+ [: m- B& DTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我举一例，扶老太太，就用这个案例来说一说德治和法治结合吧？怎么能让国人敢扶起老太太。不然，应该很多人想去扶。不敢扶是因为无法，不是因为无德* x! B% V& q. U4 g+ f1 H mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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: J: Y M8 A1 O& p7 G7 }. Kmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: $ Y$ K* ]! S1 D8 m8 j# t1 h9 RTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾老所言有理，但是您说的国之德的内涵应该是什么呢？国之法我认为应该是契约精神，这应该是主流9 L* O- ^9 w E0 b* P v mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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9 e O* Z! _ n6 I6 B0 h2 Emso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 7 g6 c) _* c3 X# q3 FTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无心随风：, h/ Y7 t1 F9 n0pt">

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2 d; k I1 X$ Y) e9 dmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: $ b: w, s+ ~! B! m, z- ?Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不敢扶是因为无法，不是因为无德. P# y+ x3 {4 y/ {0 imso-font-kerning:0pt">——+ v- D& I/ Q- Bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; - h: y. t4 k9 o) Amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">太推崇法治了。可以扶，可以不扶，怎么选择，是德的修养，不是法的欠缺。德政礼治，需要全社会共同推进，不仅仅是执政者的修养。秀才遇见兵怎么办？' y: C' I0 J, q: Mmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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. O/ G7 X B5 [mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">在) \/ b! R9 ~- e/ R8 _6 }& ]7 ^2 ~0pt">“. ?/ I, i) Z }6 m* D8 T1 iTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; - M! y& j& e- i. ~; Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">礼+ O0 Q* r1 R" T0 S6 Hfont-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ t' Z6 Q% R6 i2 `+ S mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; $ |! Q3 q0 p) u8 P7 Umso-font-kerning:0pt">与7 o# [' n3 N: P# Z font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 i, A2 S. W$ A- Y1 Dmso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">法/ B) ^( ]: A8 C6 J5 E! R font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”0 g0 B% Q: o2 v* e* F! l6 a0 U mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; mso-font-kerning:0pt">的关系上，荀子继承孔子的观点，认为礼是高于法的。5 {& T" Q7 C3 T/ ~% y4 X0pt">——+ t/ b, h- b. f/ } Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; : G( U1 s& ~) k Nmso-font-kerning:0pt">这就奠定了他作为儒家继承人的地位。后世一些儒者不承认这一点，有点门户之见。荀子处战国后期，百家争鸣时代，吸收道、法等各家学术观点，不奇怪，也是儒学发展之必要，必然。国之德的内涵应该是什么呢？5 R: @# P3 k) D( S mso-font-kerning:0pt">——+ K+ I( ?3 Q+ J7 l font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">其内涵具有时代性。当今时代，就是社会主义核心价值体系。其具体化为社会主义核心价值观。十八大报告有表述。十八大报告用' n( e# \* N$ ~: W. k) G7 P1 o. a1 xmso-font-kerning:0pt">“! Z/ I' s9 _4 T0 R \4 ~font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; D2 s- o. z" g, e+ i1 q9 b3 lmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">三个倡导8 `0 w0 q, `, v9 Amso-font-kerning:0pt">”4 H1 i% \7 B$ E, h font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">表述了社会主义核心价值观。在国家层面，倡导6 X- I( L! n7 B, N r8 tmso-font-kerning:0pt">“; }- v1 r; Z5 ~$ z- H2 ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">富强、民主、文明、和谐4 g" l& l+ M0 e$ v- b mso-font-kerning:0pt">”/ ~" T: O0 {' L8 o! ^0 ]font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 1 A: `* ~" V# O+ s7 e) Bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，这7 t$ P* L. D; amso-font-kerning:0pt">8$ r1 f$ Y5 X8 Z( A# ^font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; # N G1 h% M) ^4 f& gmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">个字，是到本世纪中叶建设社会主义现代化国家的发展目标，已经写入党章和宪法，反映了党、国家和人民的共同意志和中华民族伟大复兴的光明愿景，是国家主导价值观，在核心价值观中居于统领地位；在社会层面，倡导. [- C2 Y$ d* K8 K0 K) v4 X mso-font-kerning:0pt">“5 d! K. O8 U# U, j0 lfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">自由、平等、公正、法治+ H- ~$ g3 r- Y9 Mmso-font-kerning:0pt">”# {% d9 ^8 C2 V9 q/ q5 Y( b font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 4 @7 c& p, B4 R- Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，这& ^5 @1 b# p/ M( { mso-font-kerning:0pt">82 r# i0 |5 z8 E' [ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">个字，既是引领现代文明走向的人类共同价值准则和理想社会目标，又是我们党和国家始终追求和奉行的核心价值理念，着眼于确立社会发展的价值导向，在核心价值观中发挥着重要支柱作用；在公民个人层面，倡导! R n. R' c- c8 m {. Wmso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 }- U5 L* z1 p) e$ v L' ?' afont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 4 V! ]0 j' m* y3 } Rmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">爱国、敬业、诚信、友善/ K2 {8 ^5 g( V! |9 f0 m$ @* w mso-font-kerning:0pt">”, f& `2 n" t* \. g0 A$ O font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，这, |9 _: `9 V9 O! E1 V9 s0 mmso-font-kerning:0pt">89 t; i$ c! K& {# B4 g6 u font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">个字，着眼于构建民间社会的底线伦理，是作为价值主体的每个公民所应遵循的根本道德规范，在核心价值观中居于基础地位。社会主义核心价值观的表述，涵盖了社会各界的意见、反映了现阶段全国人民在价值共识上的最大公约数。5 f. d+ n' c+ k& R. b+ S1 U mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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`" E3 d, [* n* W2 t g; ^/ Vmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">德政与法治，关键还是执行的人，执法者、执政者的道德修养如何起很大的作用。' x- J: P# T; g* ]" W; T" K mso-font-kerning:0pt">——8 t, x" E. ^4 F font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这就是孔子提出8 a8 b% C a8 M: k, P2 jmso-font-kerning:0pt">“ j$ k( W! m, y- O font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; + U! |' {7 _! q. g# q) X! zmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政以德' h9 N$ r& K6 r0 U' k5 \mso-font-kerning:0pt">”1 e" j7 n& x% A font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">的道理。这可以作为今天的总结。! A# z& @" V9 F U4 Jmso-font-kerning:0pt">“8 h5 U# c8 E( _ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 3 i& V. I, I" k Smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">德; ^( f* J6 c/ H# T# b mso-font-kerning:0pt">”8 x" A, Q+ [2 v# V font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; # A9 B; n# j+ ?& b. _# y! Bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是基础，1 [% q, P! A* O5 H$ l/ Wmso-font-kerning:0pt">“9 c3 q+ B/ r/ c! J4 |6 ~( m: Pfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">法6 R3 x- j' i+ [0 g4 G mso-font-kerning:0pt">”0 Z; s5 t, Z7 p6 v# u8 @ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是上层建筑。, c2 ?7 ~, R6 A. f/ l) b! bmso-font-kerning:0pt">——, C" d0 [2 \+ }+ Z: e3 ~6 Ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; - V! _2 u3 J* V& }+ |mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">德与法都属上层建筑。法是政治制度上层建筑。德是思想领域上层建筑。希望大家在学习党的基本理论方面，多下功夫，坚持数年，必有好处。再见，谢谢。6 p. Y, K* C- j; ]( n( tmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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作者: 江苏省委秘书    时间: 2013-12-14 13:04
好多领导都喜欢说几句

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作者: 先超君实    时间: 2013-12-15 15:04
贾老师，不愧是儒学精英。

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作者: 秦巴秘书    时间: 2013-12-16 13:56
感谢了，学习了哈！:D

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作者: 夕惕若    时间: 2013-12-16 16:25
听君一席话，胜读十年书啊

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作者: 闽南小秘书    时间: 2013-12-16 16:34
看君一篇文，胜读十年书！

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作者: 揭壹壹    时间: 2013-12-19 21:04
看了老师们的点评和解说，胜读十年书！

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作者: 秦巴秘书    时间: 2014-3-6 10:57
感谢，为什么有乱码啊？

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作者: 中年菜鸟    时间: 2014-3-24 11:27
学习了，受到了很多启发

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