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标题: 跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第五章 2013年12月24日 圣诞快乐! [打印本页]

作者: 老猫    时间: 2013-12-24 17:34
标题: 跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第五章 2013年12月24日 圣诞快乐!

7 k) I" a& ?7 `5 w mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:5 H& a: F% r8 y6 @& Q Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">今日圣诞,老猫先祝大家圣诞快乐,虽然是洋人的节日:)下午贾陆英老师继续在老秘网7 {) j$ q: f% F/ `mso-font-kerning:0pt">QQ* k6 z( a. `' B, F font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; , E- ~2 s+ i: y2 N) \mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群“重温经典读书会”49231471辅导我们学习《论语》。贾陆英老师一直记挂着我们这群“大学生”,原本这节课是安排在周三下午的,但贾老师届时另有要事,所以今日上午便特地在群里发出预告,提前到今日下午开课。有此良师,夫复何求?闲话少叙,立即把上课实录整理奉上。* k _+ G. f# o: [. |mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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0 d6 g+ W: R3 O) |" { 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

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) N; t" e+ V& _3 B& n2 vfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;) b# v: P1 L( ]# N+ o6 \6 Q mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英:, }% H$ E" y m( O. f mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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2 m% B& ]. R+ s9 O4 s6 d- t font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;/ q0 U+ W7 ]) J1 L mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">今天下午,我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第4 A$ v" `) I) |1 e9 e, a, I7 @3 h8 C; o mso-font-kerning:0pt">5; D T% h+ x- A- Q9 S% ?8 Sfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 1 x6 N: U+ e2 G* [8 p! M7 {mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">章:$ Y4 M4 {9 T& s' D4 R1 Z+ Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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& L# ]6 I- ` x 2•5 # C4 }! u* G) G2 f3 T Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;& E* J/ x" E& e mso-font-kerning:0pt">孟懿子问孝,子曰:3 \' m; L9 X3 q! Q( I) X mso-font-kerning:0pt">“& Y6 O; H6 B: u( ]. ~ mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;& [% Y/ N8 ^, h, c mso-font-kerning:0pt">无违。& @" h7 o* o/ O: P W mso-font-kerning:0pt">” _' ^5 O7 x {# f7 e' Jmso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 7 p" B2 |7 S, _5 E! z$ c* W/ _mso-font-kerning:0pt">樊迟御,子告之曰:5 |2 R' \% K9 T: e# _, Umso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 |0 D- S/ P0 |( i, B/ V0 J7 |mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 7 ^2 e' F- {: N( e$ u2 u$ O. N9 v( Nmso-font-kerning:0pt">孟孙问孝于我,我对曰无违。/ O. S& g/ f: u color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”+ R) d9 q. B) }6 D2 ~Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 3 r- | f7 z0 _( jmso-font-kerning:0pt">樊迟曰:+ z+ \0 m0 A5 N( f: x gmso-font-kerning:0pt">“) U% S+ m% P; S! M* G" o1 lmso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; & D9 H1 v1 ?/ m, Umso-font-kerning:0pt">何谓也?5 }4 t8 z) n' r2 p mso-font-kerning:0pt">”4 r5 e* T% Q7 J' L mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; * D0 t1 j* t& t6 o% Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰:* a# c2 C9 j# u. P7 ^3 z. |0 f mso-font-kerning:0pt">“* m2 Y& v. \+ B, ~3 A% k mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; : N5 L; z$ T! H/ k# H; Vmso-font-kerning:0pt">生,事之以礼;死,葬之以礼,祭之以礼。$ G ^# v4 E( }( @2 x color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”

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! @0 }# c3 |5 Z( ] L/ W 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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* p9 b% z( |& t7 KTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;$ A, H$ |1 J6 \) \! B0 m" |. \ mso-font-kerning:0pt">孟懿子:鲁国大夫,三家之一,姓仲孙,名何忌,懿是谥号。他的父亲孟僖子临死时要他向孔子学礼。无违:不要违背礼。樊迟:孔子的学生,名须,字子迟,比孔子小四十六岁。御:驾驶马车。孟孙:指孟懿子。) v- ]! o4 T# K) y0 B9 wmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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+ _6 V. q, v3 Z/ t- J( a' \) A5 T1 \- y; y0 P4 l Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; ( I/ R. h' v& O: I3 gmso-font-kerning:0pt">孟懿子请教孔子什么是孝,孔子说:8 K# U( \2 s$ x# B: g10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">“9 g, m' N- f3 o) }3 r9 u% ]6 K5 u( [ mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; / p- g" p5 A: E* nmso-font-kerning:0pt">孝就是不要违背礼。; g8 B1 v H& I: b0 u& K 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”8 g' f8 f1 X, `; zmso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 1 {$ q; N& V0 r; P- z; H6 s6 ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">一天,樊迟给孔子驾车,孔子告诉他说:$ F e7 o) G$ y: B x' m0pt">"1 u9 d/ r' G/ S0 N; [ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ^* l/ @' Q2 g, k' w; |+ c Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孟孙问我什么是孝,我回答他说不要违背礼。. F/ V( \; j% u/ w T' M8 fmso-font-kerning:0pt">" j( b$ s' ~/ R! E7 N5 U( f2 T font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;1 D* ~+ N, ]! I9 t' |9 h mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">樊迟说:- D1 N! r% r4 M mso-font-kerning:0pt">"8 I) C; Y5 q( Pfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 8 {1 u2 [6 f( p0 k, Jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这是什么意思呢, N. E) M" w! G Z* c) S1 a8 G mso-font-kerning:0pt">?" 5 I+ [5 g4 `5 |* }, [$ o: _2 Lfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 5 f( _4 A9 q. {- @, n. {0 Dmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说:) U9 M4 ~0 G; D+ G mso-font-kerning:0pt">"8 Q' o& F% T1 _! B+ Y) S) p font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;& j2 a: q& u8 v8 w. a: Y# { mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">父母活着的时候,要按礼侍奉他们;父母死了,要按礼来埋葬他们,祭祀他们。/ e4 G/ L! w% M$ W) \ mso-font-kerning:0pt">"

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- a2 ^0 j' \8 F3 ^1 g1 D 10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;: \9 R1 n$ w4 [# j mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问:怎样理解孝就是- {! W, x2 h8 k- \6 R* I10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 O$ X4 r5 i& `; E1 [' V) g) h* X font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;1 @' k0 k, D2 u3 x mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无违, }( |9 r! X* ?4 E/ y5 u10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ R6 t9 U2 d S7 k font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;2 Z$ h: L8 a9 k7 G mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">?+ B* ]* p7 Y" i8 a7 b& B 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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5 o0 v( [+ A+ F" R: i+ _9 { 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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+ h5 i% I# O1 o4 oTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;* D2 b8 V2 [+ y+ K% \ mso-font-kerning:0pt">答:孔子教人是很讲针对性的。孟懿子不能遵从他父亲贤而好礼之教,所以孔子针对他讲得& N% a7 C3 X1 a Z mso-font-kerning:0pt">“ V, h' o+ |9 M' V& [ [ font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;: E$ d3 y/ |8 I. ?% X mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无违- V: k$ w( _6 d+ f% tmso-font-kerning:0pt">”. f; ?* K. A; X; v font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; [; D" p/ m* O4 O7 P( s2 c7 kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">,就是不要违背父亲的教诲,这是就具体情况所做的回答。但是就普遍事理而言,孔子讲! P4 v; x# {# }, z" G mso-font-kerning:0pt">“: b4 l7 E' N# v; s) h! s; K' Vfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 6 `% m; B3 @8 a2 Zmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无违: B1 K# v y+ l1 f- w mso-font-kerning:0pt">”1 u* L2 {* ?; ~! _' Hfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; : g5 \( G" k- M' ^( ~4 U: E( L' L8 Bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">,强调要以礼事亲,不可违背于礼,4 O% h3 @! y- f. m mso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ a$ r* o) E- ?+ m! ^9 w+ Ifont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;! \% y9 C, o# H- a) _ mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">生,事之以礼。死,葬之以礼,祭之以礼。2 n: c9 {1 O- Z3 dmso-font-kerning:0pt">”" b) q3 F2 c) l! q ?2 a. T font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;: l4 A" |4 n& x" g1 S mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">父母在世,如有不合乎礼的言行,子女是不应当顺从的,而要以合乎礼的方法劝谏,这是对父母真正的爱护、尊敬。孝的精神,还应当体现在父母去世以后,要按照礼制去安葬他们、祭祀他们,这才算子女尽孝有始有终。: A; a. E6 S. I( [- V mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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$ M& [* Y) D: {7 R/ I" G6 Z3 a3 \. a 10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;0 V9 U0 U: y# G" D. m8 i mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问:为什么说以礼事亲才是孝?" y3 {4 C7 [) ^7 |+ j0 ~' J10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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8 V5 j0 f+ |/ p* q: Y4 |9 D8 s% p- M5 T 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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: n$ [6 L4 r# K+ i% C, v Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 0 t% O+ Y, [3 ~& D4 _) M" omso-font-kerning:0pt">答:本章谈孝的重点是,孝要落实到礼上。孔子讲仁与礼的关系,一方面强调仁是礼的核心,礼应当体现仁的精神;另一方面又强调,礼的规定体现了仁的要求,依礼而行就是仁。据此,是否做到了孝,要以是否依礼而行来衡量。2 L Q) S+ \3 E! V* E. O, L mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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/ d7 n5 {+ }' |9 I' ]font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 7 m" n) R& @( `% d9 Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">小风飕飕地: F& ^- T; D6 z mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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8 x, N& i+ q D! @ Y: M- G10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

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3 x& l" o1 N7 X3 ` w5 ?. Z mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: ' E0 y9 u" L" q( A& a: g0 x; G8 Q k2 sTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孝最重要的是心敬,心敬外化出来的表现是礼遇!反过来说,虽然礼遇有加未必出于心敬,但若是不加礼遇那就一定是心不敬,也就是不孝啦。所以外在的礼对于孝来说很重要,如若无礼那必然是不孝!对父母尽孝道,是义5 `+ `" G; q" b6 Zmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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. t+ C3 H( I' s' t( } mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: - T9 }8 z4 i. U( YTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孝最重要的是心敬,心敬外化出来的表现是礼遇!% y1 V/ T3 P# v5 D( r# | mso-font-kerning:0pt">——7 L0 w0 ^5 |0 b8 d: U8 v font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;- c5 A* U- A! o! t4 W. t( h% f mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">赞同。孝的本质,是发自内心的对父母的恭敬和感恩之情。有此心,才会有孝行。& W! |' x6 k3 C" [ n& [ mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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