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标题: 跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第五章 2013年12月24日 圣诞快乐! [打印本页]

作者: 老猫    时间: 2013-12-24 17:34
标题: 跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第五章 2013年12月24日 圣诞快乐!

+ Z& B1 v1 U) C; d) x2 A" cmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: 4 L8 k. {3 |9 j# `, g3 T- dTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">今日圣诞,老猫先祝大家圣诞快乐,虽然是洋人的节日:)下午贾陆英老师继续在老秘网 N8 W, q4 {1 ]# E; r0 U7 Xmso-font-kerning:0pt">QQ' x5 c; m; e5 V* x' Cfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 8 w; d* V6 ~0 k9 { |$ Imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群“重温经典读书会”49231471辅导我们学习《论语》。贾陆英老师一直记挂着我们这群“大学生”,原本这节课是安排在周三下午的,但贾老师届时另有要事,所以今日上午便特地在群里发出预告,提前到今日下午开课。有此良师,夫复何求?闲话少叙,立即把上课实录整理奉上。6 d% v: e4 v. {# [mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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, t( ^, H2 r1 b0 A font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;9 |! I& f# N0 j6 }+ t' p* f! } mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英:5 R# O8 a3 h2 r4 Y1 @ mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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9 ?+ |" V. _4 |3 Z0 D1 ~+ rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;6 L6 `& p& o2 N" b4 V1 ` mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">今天下午,我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第1 O& \, A( h( ]2 Y3 A5 L( m, ]6 o4 _mso-font-kerning:0pt">56 x! I& P. V+ S6 } font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;! r* }8 M9 h. [& e2 h; d mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">章:, L! A- ^& L2 {/ m5 ?5 A* j5 _ mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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4 @7 m+ X7 ~8 V+ [3 y8 @ Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;2 [: V6 a* t/ f; n% S$ x5 x mso-font-kerning:0pt">孟懿子问孝,子曰:# d+ q* M% t' V+ J" zmso-font-kerning:0pt">“4 ~7 C( W: C3 h2 b, ?( x mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;, m# p5 f7 R0 W: N- H mso-font-kerning:0pt">无违。4 h1 {' [; t9 X& o( G mso-font-kerning:0pt">”! u5 f5 y9 E) _! _: q- { mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;7 R9 s T, `+ z8 t# [ mso-font-kerning:0pt">樊迟御,子告之曰:) L! V5 O: `" M mso-font-kerning:0pt">“! Z3 H5 V' i- Dmso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;/ C7 V& k" L& |* x: h: R; t$ m mso-font-kerning:0pt">孟孙问孝于我,我对曰无违。3 x3 ~. `' L- t j) i% f* t+ P1 U2 ` color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”5 ~( _* g4 x4 I x: W. B Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; ! L. f5 L+ I5 r5 dmso-font-kerning:0pt">樊迟曰:3 B6 P, Y% i& D5 Q4 h1 o5 m @# P* s. kmso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ {4 P7 N/ E* e D mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 5 n% r/ q% I \mso-font-kerning:0pt">何谓也?- k0 x* l" W$ y, F0 E z k4 V9 n mso-font-kerning:0pt">”' ]- c. J6 k& \. e: Z mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; ' u0 y4 p- b3 @ ^& w" U4 v5 w5 Z$ imso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰:( I( ] o8 S" o$ c$ e @6 I. _ mso-font-kerning:0pt">“9 p2 `5 i0 D1 v. \mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;: d# N) }0 V4 P8 O1 L T+ s mso-font-kerning:0pt">生,事之以礼;死,葬之以礼,祭之以礼。' M* e# b" X* S& e( tcolor:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”

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/ k" E2 Q' @6 o4 h 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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/ z1 C. g" [/ x Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;/ B' W6 n8 O0 X9 R mso-font-kerning:0pt">孟懿子:鲁国大夫,三家之一,姓仲孙,名何忌,懿是谥号。他的父亲孟僖子临死时要他向孔子学礼。无违:不要违背礼。樊迟:孔子的学生,名须,字子迟,比孔子小四十六岁。御:驾驶马车。孟孙:指孟懿子。6 `6 S0 W ^4 h mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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& Q$ G1 T( R( d j# o7 I; _9 P# u6 f. W$ ` I0 I: K. @ Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;& L: M; ^ a l3 c- W! U9 L mso-font-kerning:0pt">孟懿子请教孔子什么是孝,孔子说:& _' z! d% k- l1 e( x10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">“7 d/ A9 b( ^8 v* S3 P% X mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; 8 i# k% j r k. l& v6 `mso-font-kerning:0pt">孝就是不要违背礼。8 I/ G6 ]3 k$ T5 `9 R& b! d 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”( I# ]1 G+ `1 s% b% `1 m4 p" {2 c- L mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black; : ?4 W, c+ w. x7 z7 |" P# Emso-font-kerning:0pt">一天,樊迟给孔子驾车,孔子告诉他说:" Z* m& z! [- r0 V0pt">"+ b- ` |& \ B1 [ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: / |! I7 E, q5 N5 q0 ~Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孟孙问我什么是孝,我回答他说不要违背礼。4 ~* `7 I% b8 M6 y. R mso-font-kerning:0pt">") I4 A* j) I# u# b: | font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;+ l7 ?% E/ @, n U+ X% D mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">樊迟说: v$ V$ T4 ]' _) K, g mso-font-kerning:0pt">"3 B7 i3 w( e& E. {/ r font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; ` U7 U! o `" q, ?. g* X" {' n mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这是什么意思呢* B9 t& _4 Q& D8 R. G, Q+ }mso-font-kerning:0pt">?" & {7 X- A+ c* V5 e+ Z font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;5 o, Q$ ?9 _& W8 U! I; _, m) s mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说:9 T5 E' C8 F9 \mso-font-kerning:0pt">"7 M' f& v% s% V% e5 Y7 Bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;/ H2 l. o8 M% ~. L. s- Z4 Q mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">父母活着的时候,要按礼侍奉他们;父母死了,要按礼来埋葬他们,祭祀他们。( P9 G. a& S8 H2 m' ? mso-font-kerning:0pt">"

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2 c& h% c. _& F& l3 N 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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_4 E) l: U) z# U w7 H9 R10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 0 R$ g' J* G- A; A6 [$ zmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问:怎样理解孝就是% t. q/ h( K5 L/ K+ L 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">“- T% H0 T: R/ A8 O. q/ L3 n4 sfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; # h2 H0 x( y7 f8 Y: q$ }mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无违( E* F0 u* l- h; q/ f* M& T10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”8 T* G c+ f1 W8 K font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; y6 K6 O* d' Q( ?4 _3 P5 b, Amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">?. Y- X1 a8 {! z7 B$ q' y$ @ 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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. q5 ], f' \5 r8 \5 h" y 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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3 s. B8 Q, D) x- k9 t. C: y5 _Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;3 d9 b4 D# ~( X1 h" p, D mso-font-kerning:0pt">答:孔子教人是很讲针对性的。孟懿子不能遵从他父亲贤而好礼之教,所以孔子针对他讲得 I. J6 ?7 S4 n) d mso-font-kerning:0pt">“! Q, W" `* L" ?: P3 X font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;+ v" j* `+ A( d$ u% m& _ mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无违: G. a1 _: E' u# S mso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ h3 S& R: w4 k font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;$ j3 X$ s; [! l( I mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">,就是不要违背父亲的教诲,这是就具体情况所做的回答。但是就普遍事理而言,孔子讲9 l/ {8 k1 y: |% } mso-font-kerning:0pt">“% \$ B0 ~+ J1 q+ y# N+ P1 rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; / N7 x/ d( a9 S _( z3 Hmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无违( k, m) s/ ]0 K( U4 r) G% L, I mso-font-kerning:0pt">”7 t$ g0 X' ?# N3 I* I font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; / d: K9 w- j5 emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">,强调要以礼事亲,不可违背于礼,4 A/ l9 z* E/ V1 R: A3 L$ y" e& p/ V3 U mso-font-kerning:0pt">“# ]# m* [$ G7 Y8 ^font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 6 I3 U3 h; l: P4 imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">生,事之以礼。死,葬之以礼,祭之以礼。3 k! T* {5 K6 n. umso-font-kerning:0pt">”; R& V. Q( I9 y+ N+ \' r. e3 Gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; - j; @" d4 n. X7 d* _0 c# p% nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">父母在世,如有不合乎礼的言行,子女是不应当顺从的,而要以合乎礼的方法劝谏,这是对父母真正的爱护、尊敬。孝的精神,还应当体现在父母去世以后,要按照礼制去安葬他们、祭祀他们,这才算子女尽孝有始有终。; w3 R6 W" x0 F! w4 N! E' Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">

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$ D3 `4 q9 r5 Y8 [ 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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5 u! K) J" c% q/ L8 x10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; 7 R2 q. O- A( W( \% R. smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问:为什么说以礼事亲才是孝?" j/ P5 K3 Q. t( q; f1 i 10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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6 ]! C. V0 A, z- G l* e! u10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
$ A/ p2 u8 o5 {4 C1 R 9 m8 ^1 j/ s+ t7 h: ITahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;; J# `1 u# y" U6 v6 p mso-font-kerning:0pt">答:本章谈孝的重点是,孝要落实到礼上。孔子讲仁与礼的关系,一方面强调仁是礼的核心,礼应当体现仁的精神;另一方面又强调,礼的规定体现了仁的要求,依礼而行就是仁。据此,是否做到了孝,要以是否依礼而行来衡量。/ L- i @0 a' z. ?/ Q+ |mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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3 \9 W6 C4 ~2 F+ Y# X* @; bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;- y- P- @4 J* N* X mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">小风飕飕地:+ q5 |' A( ]) i/ q9 E- R8 ]mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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3 W; q& A& P% [ mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:+ @; A/ ~/ e# D d$ G3 W Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孝最重要的是心敬,心敬外化出来的表现是礼遇!反过来说,虽然礼遇有加未必出于心敬,但若是不加礼遇那就一定是心不敬,也就是不孝啦。所以外在的礼对于孝来说很重要,如若无礼那必然是不孝!对父母尽孝道,是义; q# ~3 }; w0 L) o. ]5 J mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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6 G) o- |. S) u2 m- Z" C5 a7 rmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:/ s* V+ A; Y$ V" j8 Y. Z Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英:' b H8 _7 i8 [, _5 F( c6 s6 P 0pt">

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5 ^; _4 \* D3 E n0 b' j( U; hmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family: - v% G) w7 Q: z, p1 H; P2 U+ s9 ZTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孝最重要的是心敬,心敬外化出来的表现是礼遇!' K# v4 }& y' O1 H' d" r/ X* R' Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">—— s/ A3 e" L- u/ c# }; z3 L4 V. Rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; N4 q/ d5 m) G' `9 Gmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">赞同。孝的本质,是发自内心的对父母的恭敬和感恩之情。有此心,才会有孝行。! d. N6 v7 O# o4 J mso-font-kerning:0pt">

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