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今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：
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0 [- ]% [4 y0 [, t3 R+ cTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第/ i* L1 p7 T% W% n+ x. u( u) p, i7 u" s
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰：8 u+ ]3 m5 D9 b ~5 L" {7 d
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0 _( u, M/ c) G' K1 s+ n% gmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。' w$ J: X4 J" E$ n1 V( B. P
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。* _0 e7 V x3 ?
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0 @7 R, [# K+ _- b) m1 e. D0 vmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">：概括。思无邪：《诗经& d+ h3 ]2 `/ W) m: Z Q# q' k% @
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+ g0 f! T! U0 ^ jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。, i- K6 w* ]- _: a& A9 R/ K2 Xmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说：: _( ]- R' _* K9 N$ K0pt">“( {' I( n4 c J/ Y% }6 qTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;
' P5 g$ E I2 [4 v2 ^" }- ]mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》三百篇，用一句话来概括它，就是4 g4 \/ g: E. P+ a I0pt">‘4 I0 t. ]' K- q/ rTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;
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, @0 q3 e* a# {# iTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？2 B: x( e1 { Y' w$ @
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，" p7 E$ W2 b! @mso-font-kerning:0pt">"; N3 x* j3 o, Z Q* ^: Ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;1 ~1 L1 e. A" M U
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( M: \/ e6 I) e* v$ emso-font-kerning:0pt">兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐2 h0 g: q( \6 z1 }
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种: p/ u4 ]- s) E* Q' ^: {
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的9 r7 T) a3 U& u; ~ X0 b, S4 N/ @
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，' J# o9 i/ q( r: \# p# I5 H: } d
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' b4 B7 T! p3 ^; G4 m, t& Pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐教! r0 [, ~3 J5 Q2 z# j0 k$ c+ f) n
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" i+ D! j( O4 O9 e. Rmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。( f/ @4 A6 c* ^7 j1 ~& Wmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌' v) R) B4 \+ X, H1 @4 Z$ omso-font-kerning:0pt">3053 {" c% ]6 r6 n: x, _. A$ l
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5 \% N6 J% J/ ^- a, r! G) mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视" W5 x; d% |$ k" K; o7 a# Jmso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ N8 N/ e, X* u- \8 D% Dfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
1 i$ ?4 {# q6 |& y0 @mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗% K! K5 t+ I/ p( H2 e0 W( e9 v: Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ F9 i* u) O) U* `- ?# F, H' A) Q" T9 Y
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; z: o9 U* V& P2 \! [2 W( }) ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：( ~6 B0 P0 Y& {# x0 x# x: R) y" `
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" {: E* i& e6 X7 B8 a: m- pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语: [7 d1 A" O2 u5 t
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）) u" l. s+ p8 W& g
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。$ J* {& S) V1 H* `6 n* p
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语2 ~. C, m/ b4 |/ D! z. t" H& lmso-font-kerning:0pt">• c5 a" y* h( t$ i+ f7 V
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过( V0 C% [5 Q! r, E9 @
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2 I8 z9 u: k2 M7 K$ p" E$ a1 Qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨- X9 d% [% a0 `
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0 d9 L% D$ |$ j/ A/ O' Smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。3 r; K! {$ g, v: Omso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。+ h; |; M6 e0 M' A- C" D u: Fmso-font-kerning:0pt">"2 | X C; s3 `& M! ], A/ }; X1 g H: b
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。8 U/ v5 J. g1 g& y- D/ amso-font-kerning:0pt">
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4 o) p7 K! H+ NTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。& Q) r0 C- ~% k( B! Hmso-font-kerning:0pt">——1 e" b5 E( s+ W6 m- G* v& X
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;' z: g* L8 K7 N! l' ^
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">此乃) g: ^, ?, B* s/ C
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”. j& c* t, S1 U& `% c" g
mso-font-kerning:0pt">——$ I# B$ }5 I1 J6 A; T% bfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
0 p ?! |/ G1 g" J% q; Z8 |7 D# smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。3 ~2 z' t H: i7 }6 ~( e' F/ ymso-font-kerning:0pt"> + {1 l) T3 s: p% Q8 v
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。! k2 |$ q9 S E: \' Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">”; d X6 c( h' e
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于* ?0 R/ D5 f5 }$ lmso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 |7 r2 @, S0 k" G9 ifont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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. t6 O) L. {+ Zmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观. Z2 r/ F! _5 L% _: Hmso-font-kerning:0pt">”5 `- Z' _+ a; i+ Q: A: Q% `: o
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群+ M0 R$ V$ \7 w' Y3 S: R8 h8 |1 y1 w
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9 _6 Z: Z- R: F+ V( t, _mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨- g* j7 P* [8 H
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3 h0 z7 X& U/ R8 P6 q0 y. D2 Jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓4 \' [8 d# e% l" M5 l0 V' ~8 Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">“8 c/ H$ V/ Y2 @' ^! Wfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;( N1 D, O1 _+ C: d; {3 k
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴9 u" `, w4 D4 l1 I; X H
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓: Q, y |; B: `# s4 a9 W, M3 g$ Zmso-font-kerning:0pt">“7 z+ [( z" g& ^" b$ y; X: gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
2 \% b- k% J" d8 k$ N- Smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观( N9 y/ s/ ^/ y% U, j9 S2 Umso-font-kerning:0pt">”. S" @& N6 w3 e& C
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5 g. }& T- l/ G) pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓) B2 |* }( c2 t, v* ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 ^( R& D% x# K, H- \% e& m5 V! W: ]
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
1 }/ y: U! N8 lmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群# S8 k% J' y# @: a& V( t; Ymso-font-kerning:0pt">”% c% ]: }) a0 t1 o& O/ Yfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; r( M r+ A* N1 e- N) b
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓& w$ m2 H# u" o Emso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 n' D9 C1 _! e% ]4 _: ~. E" n
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;& f. Z" d! c/ @; z
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨( T6 U1 L4 W' v
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼: r9 z9 \. w4 y2 l8 x7 ^mso-font-kerning:0pt">“( l* {* c- c$ f5 A* Tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
# ^3 f6 r* K$ v, i4 {+ Fmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤7 i/ h1 a+ z7 \8 ~
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o" d4 \3 a1 @) omso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语/ W3 S! j* t+ q! N
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能$ P5 z( H$ {' n6 j" zmso-font-kerning:0pt">“5 x. @. V5 q9 B0 N7 h
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨而不怒. {' Q, ?8 E3 {8 C4 [
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹2 |3 s+ \3 Q/ l1 a& m# e5 Bmso-font-kerning:0pt">. t/ @/ [+ C5 O& [# u6 L; m
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;# K8 A, d b& j4 W# J2 X
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人* Q2 |$ n% w& W6 |+ p, L" Q
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪7 m8 O1 J# p# ~. ?6 `: omso-font-kerning:0pt">”) P2 b; P) G! `) H* V8 l( }+ f
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语. a; \4 d& b& x/ ?# C" ]- ] }4 V3 tmso-font-kerning:0pt">.0 b" Z5 i/ H. N9 K' w# M' Z$ }7 }
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4 I4 @# J+ h; I* P- ~0 w" Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。, R* S6 e& ?% D6 j
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：% j; }: U6 o- V0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。. C0 | {5 g `6 \/ F5 q
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- z3 Z# e7 v- g/ u+ J; wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">咱是粗人一个，供拍砖用$ ?+ q- e* v" k+ q( P, `# M" z: O
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. \+ o6 {7 J, qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">啊3 X7 u. o: U2 n( B5 x. L; Y. E
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无心随风：* y0 n" i% a l9 ^
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2 o0 U* ?( Q5 ATahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">智者见智，淫者见淫。有道理% O6 @, E9 h h
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。+ t7 c2 C8 ]( f- k8 p
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：: E% U, m r- k5 {0 w. `
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' g/ k' V4 [- }! P# J1 [! Smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，不但文稿晦暗，而且说服力弱" D# k' Y* C0 t
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, m O) q# Q1 f8 o7 ]: lTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧. r! a2 }; F; m% w* {1 X# ?mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨，是否也指怨刺，有着对社会的不满和抨击，比如《硕鼠》《伐檀》等等& a4 p. q( a9 W# ?1 t
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" _/ X; k$ a8 d( s, ^; KTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是啊，大家看看习总的语言风格，文学素养深厚，值得学习。
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提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
300x180 AD
