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今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第/ H! J$ }& S5 h R0 X9 qmso-font-kerning:0pt">2: R% N C, K/ |6 a7 d& j2 d
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1 z _0 K1 R& R: P/ xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。3 I4 A2 {$ S: r' O& d8 D8 s
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( M( ?: ^5 c! h% N! n* N0 y) pTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。) O6 @$ m' o- n8 q! U
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5 X9 g" z' ^- `' o2 ^) c1 {# M# _; @9 Imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">：概括。思无邪：《诗经0 B+ j) _9 j- \% H' @* mmso-font-kerning:0pt">•- @" e) N& v2 J5 x# L7 Xfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
5 I1 n, w) D5 mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">鲁颂. M& y5 h8 ~7 g& {- }9 Q6 R/ o% A
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。& p: ]% T; Q' m+ ?mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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" _, |- Y' E9 } V9 lmso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》三百篇，用一句话来概括它，就是9 w( _; H: z: m- }' U/ C6 k0pt">‘1 [7 K/ R8 S+ s( { S* @$ j/ v! [$ JTahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;
/ D3 q+ J' m/ y% J9 z4 G0 D. |' ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">思想纯正。5 z# ]3 b5 ?, l3 Y3 e, U
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？1 i- k( [6 i$ ~3 X" K/ R0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，" B2 p$ \( ^9 l; z) C% t4 E% Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">"$ a, j; `/ |" [( xfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;5 Z+ E5 I7 l/ y+ A7 w7 t; f
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪+ N, @: p( d0 g1 d
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就是贯穿于诗经三百篇中的核心精神。# ?. O) H# @4 N6 q7 c1 s
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐7 K) M/ [3 Q7 V8 m3 U! C
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语4 n0 W3 r3 M1 b' T5 c& j10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">•) y3 w2 z" L+ {0 J9 p K& _* nmso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;
. k) n! f. j/ c0 P" ^! t7 V0 ?mso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种4 l# j+ [( g+ x" b
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的 P: c2 u; A+ G, S& W6 \) ]3 [& s+ Hmso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 W1 p* W" T5 Q0 d7 [font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;3 c1 s) d7 \8 n9 |
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐, P6 _2 L) `! V8 x4 q8 Q) Q
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，' k7 ^5 B4 v) D4 E9 ]8 A
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐教/ w; x8 }5 J8 b$ pmso-font-kerning:0pt">”0 p a# j6 L2 x/ @" ifont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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1 j; c* M$ L8 _6 a" Wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗教: E- D- N- x( o: D& X/ G0 z( T1 h2 tmso-font-kerning:0pt">”( G9 s! b8 z" }7 P5 w
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0 G7 D% B' W3 d* D: Y: v) b; kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。+ Z: I V' S! K) V4 U0 J* Ymso-font-kerning:0pt">
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9 [& o" b8 b* W7 RTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌: ~3 C* I) R( o5 Y
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6 v( S1 F6 i/ V' Fmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视 T r, Z$ W7 n5 x* n R4 e
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗! K h" g: J O- I/ e Emso-font-kerning:0pt">” k1 ^: r4 o% W; m/ `font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
+ M0 a+ {. [+ ^# t0 c4 Emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：, @# z9 k# E6 [' E8 D3 t% p1 i
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。 ]$ O! N. P, l
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7 F! o( m9 N0 ?! E; k2 j4 m! Wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语+ t- E) k/ O/ x) p, ?% A* Umso-font-kerning:0pt">•3 X3 ?6 y* u- J5 J) P3 jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;2 _0 R0 J# M: Q3 p
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）/ F; [" X9 B) Amso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 j" @# Z3 v$ V- k5 r* S9 e) a& f7 A
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。0 f, F2 j1 F4 g. m0 ]" C8 i0 W
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5 |3 {2 j+ y8 tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语3 \* H4 z4 d% V. mmso-font-kerning:0pt">•7 o4 `' e$ x. V$ W. \; T4 D6 v3 Ofont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
2 D) E' Y9 M$ ^$ J3 A0 Xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过3 S( ]4 {) h2 o( L7 p' Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 e" `# w" n+ d2 qfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
/ Y- D$ z, C; p9 tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨8 c7 g* P8 f, O0 h N. O
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2 Q9 a& X# u) J; tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">陶冶人的情操，并对弟子进行事父、事君等政治思想教育，使人8 y! p2 X, W! i) M- a5 D) Z
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. _2 @6 ? A" o) ]mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪0 ^ \3 n1 J. i; N. Smso-font-kerning:0pt">”# l u3 g% V- f2 i* m% \& Jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
& K. o$ C/ J0 X- H6 |# ~5 J+ n7 ^mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。% b$ {% `2 {; O* omso-font-kerning:0pt"> / |# u |+ h8 b% @- x* _* e4 ?9 i
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) V# \' d3 _7 N! {! {! O" Z7 \mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。6 m+ s4 H/ Z( o- Emso-font-kerning:0pt">” # N/ L4 |. Z1 I$ w$ f) v6 B! }
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。3 X: H" Y9 s! T5 D# p- |1 p
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# W( {- ?, u8 @mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。# u' O& C6 w) {& l0 vmso-font-kerning:0pt"> " `7 `$ K6 k# i8 M6 s$ r, Q
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。7 j! i; j3 R2 f; @3 {mso-font-kerning:0pt">——1 Q" C2 f+ C. B. q% l+ Ufont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
) O/ `! L: E2 R7 smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">此乃* L: Z9 l1 x6 M- _8 [" y8 Umso-font-kerning:0pt">“2 s' Z( D0 \' a* p
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
& g, ]9 z# m+ k* ]$ E2 N9 p& jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">歪批9 O4 V$ U! [7 w; l* Z9 `" f
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;9 u* j' X8 q2 _: C( j& L( [- N
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”2 R# E1 s% W) `* R0 \) W
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9 u y# E- W+ Z% x% G7 e8 `mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。* n. q* m" R2 V N4 L, O/ Z* R
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。* z* _; Q. k* u& E0 T$ D
mso-font-kerning:0pt">”/ M# |9 N9 ~3 e9 rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;. W/ i) V9 {0 ^- Q8 O( s
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于8 q0 B% d& K$ Y
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+ c6 `) Y% L" _ t/ c# x- `mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观0 M; Q1 s: n; G3 i( |- h7 `
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;0 l, k# r! ^0 ~& o7 X) i
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; I# g4 z# q: h! S F( t9 h
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群: r- T- ~; @9 ]3 ]6 M6 D1 w9 t; d
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. \6 K4 `8 m) K8 P2 omso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、8 y& M; q Z6 t9 V/ smso-font-kerning:0pt">“/ c6 P/ z) ]: x* L ?font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
* `# h5 |, K; Fmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨7 y% D" F, z3 a% g( l
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
- Q Y/ g- `" H; {6 g8 W$ qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓, Y+ `; l; U6 C5 T8 c* D2 D# M
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴; Q7 a, M' K+ j! i1 g# amso-font-kerning:0pt">”! O g7 b. l1 @! ]6 K! sfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
8 U+ [4 k. W m& `, d+ @; Q! Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓+ A, [6 S J$ w! P" [; T" `mso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 G8 Q" ]; y8 H+ D0 rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
: ~, ]' o, B; u- Z! f0 q) q4 rmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观3 O7 K% F0 h5 @; m- y5 v
mso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ u. b' j- x+ t1 z/ @8 |" jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
, ?7 y5 d6 R6 P) p( Pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓. `' y& R( q" L+ W: I6 u$ b! I) U. ~
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群* `5 y0 v; k _$ ^" p& @( `
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
6 {; }) \6 F: U- Y7 ]- P$ imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓, E' {: s% B. m$ R1 m+ W) emso-font-kerning:0pt">“# P1 R5 a3 q6 _) @font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;4 {% z- Z9 \" J6 @4 |0 n0 l; P
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨# e; t' r, ~% c0 L. s6 {3 amso-font-kerning:0pt">”- Z/ n, e( A1 O. R" O1 P! R8 @font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;' }) H6 u7 I6 s/ l
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼8 I% o- p5 M4 ?mso-font-kerning:0pt">“' q; r! }; r- {+ ?$ R* G7 ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; c& T- I. `- n7 s
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤8 ]( ]4 R6 f6 n" v+ jmso-font-kerning:0pt">”* W/ u/ S8 H+ l9 U/ s4 |9 X
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;- u5 [8 {0 v+ q* H" ]$ y; l
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语& h/ F5 X4 f" H0 w0 I
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
4 E; _" U5 @* {* emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能 l, Z- S+ w& Rmso-font-kerning:0pt">“; v* @& o: e! O; o `3 @% kfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
6 }! `4 V) }. O1 H$ H$ b# X0 F: c* wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨而不怒) o1 k; i+ ~& z. h+ `( A$ H/ P
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+ g0 l) T* |, _& \2 t( @; P, E I8 nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹6 V8 I& \' `% X
mso-font-kerning:0pt">.8 [; f: V2 }; Jfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
) k# f4 e1 ~4 l# Jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人% l6 q. N, C2 l/ a. V) p
mso-font-kerning:0pt">“1 }5 F5 q7 B/ p" w3 x4 Yfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
8 E& _4 u7 y3 A% S. q& K, Imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪* b0 y0 w: B6 D" ^: C
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R( q% _3 X: j' w8 V1 b' |7 z* Nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语, v$ y' p1 {6 p, _mso-font-kerning:0pt">.$ m1 Z7 {7 G M' c! ~
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。* m2 r1 T" r. y5 I$ p
mso-font-kerning:0pt"> ) M' Y1 D. E, S) X5 S( r) |: L
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：" R' P7 {) {" f# u0pt">
1 K o2 |5 _" b \8 E& N1 {# z& @: |$ M; t3 Z, }, J0 x
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。: |/ V, ]2 H: G+ b' N+ `- v% Nmso-font-kerning:0pt">( v& b5 m5 ]4 [8 l) nfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
% k$ d: @5 m4 E2 g1 ]$ Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">咱是粗人一个，供拍砖用% C6 ? H6 U% ?* m% N! w" V1 o9 K- v
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+ J( }5 l/ P' R8 emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">啊* X$ E" ?+ i. o# f3 Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无心随风：3 S* U& i1 e" @+ d2 b0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">智者见智，淫者见淫。有道理. Q1 e) o( T3 }7 m, n+ j7 x
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* K9 }% T. {1 Y3 nTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。# H0 r7 [( W3 L2 q2 z3 Xmso-font-kerning:0pt"> , G7 I3 i( s& {+ G) _- G
1 K+ W7 L6 b3 P3 }+ {( I( X4 {8 p6 `5 }* P& HTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 8 n" ~' w% O5 Q/ V3 \
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# {3 {- t0 O3 z% E2 _ B7 w2 rmso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:# B9 ?- `. w/ G0 q4 d; r
Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：6 {2 ?6 | Q0 x
0pt">
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;* r7 u6 E4 S) x3 r# J$ M8 _
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，不但文稿晦暗，而且说服力弱( w! S1 `3 u, Y5 Y& W5 [mso-font-kerning:0pt"> # i8 _7 [8 @& O0 q2 p. i5 E
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! M5 I3 w0 j! U1 x4 uTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">求觉迷者：3 M5 [$ E v1 G+ U
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, \7 r8 a, T3 ~Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧2 h8 {: S- v% g1 O- D% D
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">好風如水：, r! N+ W$ [% I# ]4 T
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是啊，大家看看习总的语言风格，文学素养深厚，值得学习。
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提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
300x180 AD
