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今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第# x# }! ~2 l9 O" Z1 m& Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">2, Q5 X# v% N6 f; Y$ L8 _
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。9 z' c; J6 `& X; i# t s
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。/ w- D+ |0 J5 F" Z, P
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">：概括。思无邪：《诗经; O% S3 _9 e1 s8 x+ j, A
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9 p# M6 N5 W8 a/ ?2 X$ S& vmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。4 x& o( z7 l& g; j
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？$ B! A& ~* x/ P3 L0pt">
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3 o$ @$ i$ }4 \Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，! v: Y' F. {6 M# y& Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">") y: S% s. o* S
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0 F3 k8 r' O+ S- J/ mmso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种* w: G/ ]$ G8 ]8 }7 n5 _mso-font-kerning:0pt">“1 L' G% g: S2 u+ Afont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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) Y/ c4 `4 H: K1 E9 M2 @& Z% Lmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的; ]( j; n+ g5 s
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4 E. l) m, I `. dmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，! ^' I+ N, c( S9 X7 d5 J+ \
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( J$ [9 ^9 K+ }8 Nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗教0 V6 |+ ^/ K2 ?9 F3 z7 X
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。" m) y6 C( ?! V$ ]mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌6 ^& a( j+ r. C& }% E" }. v' Amso-font-kerning:0pt">3055 H& I6 T- r- p4 r- Z, k+ ^* T
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视* j6 j; G8 j: ?6 ^! E* Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">“, z } Y5 G) W ]font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;1 w. Z* M* O( d# F
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2 g. b) [" o' L i1 h9 hmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：5 Y# }4 k% ]; a6 X8 M0 }
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。( b0 d. t. m! H2 w) g* cmso-font-kerning:0pt">”4 d) U" H H9 K! p0 l1 X
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语, Q+ v/ ]4 Y# N6 D* j
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( |" ]) B# i- @& t0 U i" Fmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）+ ?; `! c. j0 T7 F" E4 q
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。- a, m' w i% |, K% {4 E) g
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过% h; l% R3 q J- T
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨8 ~: N/ k" k6 ^# T' x. Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">”3 ^2 P+ v# X6 @4 _8 w
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0 l7 W% G6 L/ k0 ?. \/ M8 dmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">陶冶人的情操，并对弟子进行事父、事君等政治思想教育，使人9 e7 P* F0 v! m" _ P+ t- K
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。/ @2 t. l) n O
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2 S0 {# X6 F! s# H5 v+ T8 |8 W0 iTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。3 G% I0 t# r: b6 w* |
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4 Q e1 |! L: O$ Gmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。3 c) h5 [ C. L7 ?7 Nmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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; e4 H! V5 v, yTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。4 o4 A" b5 Q1 M3 Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">——) D2 q, a. l5 N6 R/ v, t. Ufont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
- s. J8 C4 t" L, _# jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">此乃: s; q+ V' I0 T8 ]+ w1 H& S& |" Amso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 M6 a: r& d) V2 v& gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;2 `1 w: w9 M5 f
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">歪批% q V- Y. s Z; d+ U* z/ x
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”) @" V7 v9 R2 j* o0 U
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0 F! v w2 n* P' s: O7 Hmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。+ m1 T1 Q4 c; b* k* h
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5 z0 }2 v) s2 @6 m# T b' O/ h1 r& f: V$ bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。4 q( a# L) {9 V2 z8 ?# ?% X
mso-font-kerning:0pt">”- o9 o; F" T! } zfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
- t; D# _$ l3 Gmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于$ [& k; t" }' \( Q4 ~& n. jmso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ \7 W9 P$ B2 r zfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;/ D% ~! Q3 |' l4 {" _0 d
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴5 V5 {, [$ E* j$ A2 S! g( n9 J. n
mso-font-kerning:0pt">”8 C0 w1 L! ~ K- ifont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
- L- a" \4 O' j; R9 {; @mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、, l2 p. q' g0 r C
mso-font-kerning:0pt">“! S- ?, V* U0 L' _2 {- a, Kfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
% p# q7 [& w6 W0 |$ \) bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观5 V, I* c2 |3 G$ f* k' Y
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ A1 L6 ] ^1 s5 J( n, |8 Tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;7 ]4 G/ z! r1 s% j6 Y
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群, |8 P- L& s9 R5 ^mso-font-kerning:0pt">”+ ^8 A% a4 P9 u, Xfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; s. S. [1 ?! [$ M
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、+ O" ?6 q3 d3 t4 Nmso-font-kerning:0pt">“' I' F9 K7 g4 w) G: rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;( \5 s9 ^# z! G. _
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨/ S: r! Z' _' J& d% f# d1 Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">”# z* @" W0 w( y8 x0 Y- C
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
- r# U) V& O% k+ v G! P u: e% wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓3 A- \6 E' G, R
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓& u9 T1 r, Q, E4 [! kmso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ C2 X& I' O" {0 M; _
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;/ \/ h& k: A, c6 L! I. c
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观4 G- [, ?7 ]! E6 h" O
mso-font-kerning:0pt">”% a$ s2 i. @; Ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;+ _! p1 ^6 [+ z2 S% \/ Q( w
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓9 E8 k, u% d& z5 {6 Y
mso-font-kerning:0pt">“- N( J2 s, ^% x% |8 o3 ^
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;% ~ Z' V+ q6 ^, m5 _
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群% D y& `" u5 o% A; Y+ o6 k) r
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓; s3 A1 P7 {1 [
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;) S# f% N' a7 x. Y6 f7 ^
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨- }: q/ P0 H2 @+ ~! s, H* x! Xmso-font-kerning:0pt">”4 X7 w4 x4 a. h$ c0 R
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
9 c! y# D4 \1 ]. T2 L! Nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼& j5 B1 Q( r" f F" k" Q1 ?mso-font-kerning:0pt">“/ s; b5 _! }9 c" F. gfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;/ y7 v X, m, ]* V: [
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤$ i- o1 J4 Z7 D$ C, U! mmso-font-kerning:0pt">”+ x6 x. h! l' l# B V& ~9 l
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语% i% J; R0 G( Z! i) s
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;2 H3 m9 F( c/ L0 ^# e
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能 [. ?* `- Q, O9 ^1 I% y8 Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">“0 Y4 S5 f, F2 w0 ~# u" h! V2 O7 P
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;# h8 o- u. w5 z2 J$ Y
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨而不怒3 H" ~0 u( r! h) {: `5 e
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- q, \/ U! M) |' |# B* {( ^% O" cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹9 L! |; F# n2 C- m k) y0 z5 |mso-font-kerning:0pt">.% H5 e7 C3 W4 Lfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
7 q4 l0 Z# y' ^! g: }+ t3 T+ ]$ Imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人& X: X" e8 _1 L+ F
mso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 v- J( s. U4 L: v! q l& Efont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;% p8 X2 |% ?$ \+ E/ D6 u
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪; f( N/ Q$ M8 @( Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">”0 }9 [: F+ f6 s/ l3 | [& @font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;0 Q: a/ @( h1 s7 X3 }
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语) w. j" y2 |# R& Y$ A# amso-font-kerning:0pt">.4 n' R# f1 F$ V! ?
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。+ G/ \/ d! Q9 U6 K' S0 O( Rmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：6 C' s$ ]6 ?8 W0pt"> ( Z0 ], f; h j( N6 ^& l
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。. b% e* D3 ^; Nmso-font-kerning:0pt">! j! N0 h- ?3 |2 G3 I) I7 W8 a
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
5 b {# \6 l4 Kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">咱是粗人一个，供拍砖用, f; R9 Z- j; x' f; ?mso-font-kerning:0pt">  ! u: Y" P( R0 [font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;+ {* ]+ }& Z* g2 W3 [! F/ l1 C5 J4 R
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">啊: e. r$ }) u6 O: f7 L1 Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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b+ x# t9 k, ?# j3 \; Z5 S6 t% F5 e& V3 N! y
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">智者见智，淫者见淫。有道理. P, s+ `5 l% X: {3 s( D2 u5 u
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英：! y9 ~6 e5 K" c3 n' [! w
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& I, n# o K$ g( I6 j! z5 _Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。8 N/ k0 x( c4 u
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，不但文稿晦暗，而且说服力弱/ w3 a l, b4 X7 A- i( b6 }mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">求觉迷者：" J# O: l. [8 I0 l
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! Z( U O {; C4 t: }Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧 X6 u) F- ?! w; |mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 1 |1 u9 G) _- l0 b
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9 G: H& e2 p$ p: Q3 W: p" f5 x; ETahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">好風如水：" ^, H0 m- r1 `3 `- _
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨，是否也指怨刺，有着对社会的不满和抨击，比如《硕鼠》《伐檀》等等6 A' t* d! d" H1 K$ K2 S8 W/ S+ o
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是啊，大家看看习总的语言风格，文学素养深厚，值得学习。
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提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
300x180 AD
