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今日下午3:30贾陆英老师《论语》问答录在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”准时开讲。本期学习讨论《论语》为政篇第1章,网友们的参与热情高涨。老猫出差刚回,现整理如下: 2 ~# W, j* f+ A ^, Y; l. y7 H
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3 M, i' @& m+ M& JTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">今天下午,我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第+ B6 y) ^+ d* Q' Bmso-font-kerning:0pt">13 ~5 A$ V( Q# N: d# ~/ Kfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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; I+ K/ L) m# E* K4 G( I7 wmso-font-kerning:0pt">为政以德,譬如北辰,居其所而众星共之。3 Y2 N c& a4 k0 y2 Lcolor:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">" . h1 v* o L' X1 v6 a% h
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9 B2 p! r* o: l" v( n \; D- o1 dTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">北辰:指北极星。所:处所、位置。共:同拱,环绕。比喻众多的人簇拥着一个被他们尊敬的人,或许多东西围绕着一个中心。/ [& O$ _+ G' c$ t9 s
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">靠高尚的品德来施政,这样的为政者好比是北极星,居于自己的位置上,众多的星星都环绕着它。2 w% @" u! N# _# }9 ]
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答:孔子以北辰居其中而众星环绕作比喻,深刻揭示了具有高尚品德对于为政者的重要性,具体、形象、生动地表达了孔子的德治思想。当时,在如何治理国家的问题上,主要有两种主张:其一是依靠政令刑法,强制百姓服从;其二是通过道德教化,引导百姓走上正道。孔子主张后者,强调为政者首先要以自己高尚的品德为榜样,尔后才能教化、影响、引导民众。* c1 V+ l! S h
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* S( Q% ~, ]/ R; NTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">仁政具体指的是什么?道德层面的东西我觉得都太虚了,没有一个标准。同志们认为呢$ A" y0 J* Q; G" Q- k: F: D* o
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4 i, n- |7 @2 F% ]Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">儒家法家绝对是治国两大法宝,是不是有说内法外王。希望依靠道德来治理国家。道德高尚至极只能是圣人,而不是君王。君王要有仁爱之心,但不能妄想通过道德来治理国家吧。干部要清明、清廉、清白9 v4 q" w- R! x: e( m2 P
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2 \" X- `2 N1 B6 `& BTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾老师,学生认为:政令刑罚、道德教化二者不可偏其一,无道德教化,民暴而戾,无政令刑罚,民散而慢。总而言之,应用儒家思想来做人,用发家思想来做事,这也符合我们的辩证法思想。儒法相结合不是从以往执政者所言的外儒内法。应该是在去除封建统治者为维护统治所宣扬的糟粕基础上,留下儒家所宣扬的大仁、大爱的思想,在结合现代化的法制、民主的精神,才是真正的儒法结合。一味从古,不如不学7 A% M; h2 o0 y9 G
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0 N* G) f! D8 n, zmso-font-kerning:0pt">“贾老师,学生认为:政令刑罚、道德教化二者不可偏其一,无道德教化,民暴而戾,无政令刑罚,民散而慢。总而言之,应用儒家思想来做人,用发家思想来做事,这也符合我们的辩证法思想”' N; p( I' U3 W1 e" J
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">政令刑法重在社会上的约束,讲究实效,不遵守即被处罚,道德教化重在精神上、舆论上的约束,不遵守会被谴责和孤立,但不是收到立竿见影的实质处罚+ \, R$ Z) r* T3 v6 f5 ?' ^% W
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我认为国治才能民安,所以教化没人人外儒是必要的,每个人也都有义务做到外儒!民安后如何能够实现久安呢?这就需要内法的作用啦!3 |8 v! y/ J9 W# _, d3 Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我觉得现在很多人被大众观念里的道德观绑架了,就出现了所谓的装和假3 F Z8 i# v( p' ^, {
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0 d$ K# \! n( O" x; f) lTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">儒学是以伦理道德思想为特质的观念体系,这是它区别于世界上其他文明的显著特征之一。儒学是以礼乐文明为中心的文化系统,这是它区别于世界上其他文明的又一显著特征。现在确有一些人认为,道德修养方面的问题是4 g, _1 K! d/ Y! _. kmso-font-kerning:0pt">“( J7 X# M4 I5 A6 J- }2 A. hfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;5 k3 @: G z i3 B
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">细节问题9 v: ~& ~+ g. T- O7 Amso-font-kerning:0pt">”* ?1 Y; N+ R1 H1 rfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
1 ^1 o3 z" B- W, A: J2 q/ wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">,没有必要小题大做。这种认识是十分错误和有害的。0 T' e8 A& t* H7 }# y
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">千里之堤,溃于蚁穴1 U$ N+ k6 z5 U& S2 J2 {
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">,少数人走上违法犯罪道路,往往是从道德品质上出问题开始的。没有职业操守,就不可能做到爱岗敬业。我们培养敬业精神,一定要紧紧抓住加强道德修养这个重点。
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